The cell cycle is the process by which a cell grows and divides into two daughter cells. It is divided into two main stages: interphase and the mitotic phase. Interphase is further divided into three phases: G1, S, and G2. During interphase, the cell grows and replicates its DNA in preparation for cell division. The mitotic phase is where the cell actually divides into two daughter cells.
The regulation of the cell cycle is critical for maintaining normal cellular function and preventing diseases such as cancer. This regulation is achieved through a complex system of proteins that work together to ensure that the cell cycle progresses smoothly. Cyclins are proteins that are produced in response to specific signals from the environment or from within the cell itself. They bind to cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdks), which are enzymes that control various aspects of the cell cycle. Together, cyclins and Cdks form complexes that regulate the progression of the cell cycle.
